鉑金甘堝說明書
The operation instruction of platinum crucible
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1、 鉑是一種貴重金屬，熔點(diǎn)約為1770度，質(zhì)軟，使用時(shí)不要用手捏，以防變形。也不能用玻璃棒搗刮鉑坩堝內(nèi)壁，以防損傷。也不要將紅熱的鉑坩堝放人冷水中驟冷。
Platinum is a precious metal， melting point is about 1770 degrees， soft， do not use the hand to prevent deformation.Also can not use the glass rod to scratch platinum crucible inner wall， to prevent damage.Also do not put the redhot platinum crucible in coldwater cold.
2、 鉑坩堝的加熱和灼燒，均應(yīng)在墊有石棉板或陶瓷板的電爐或電熱板上進(jìn)行，或在煤氣燈的氧化焰上進(jìn)行，不能與電爐絲、鐵板及還原焰接觸，因?yàn)樵诟邷叵妈F易與鉑形成合金，還原性氣體能與鉑形成碳化鉑，使鉑堝變脆。濾紙如在鉑坩堝中灼烷，應(yīng)在低溫和空氣充足的情況下，讓炭化的濾紙完全燃燒后，才能提高溫度。
The heating and burning of platinum crucible shall be carried out on an electric furnace or electric heating board with a stone or ceramic plate， or on the oxidizing flame of a gaslamp， and shall not be in contact with the furnace wire， iron plate and return flame， Because iron is easy to form alloy with platinum at high temperature， reducing gas can form platinum carbide with platinum，making platinum crucible brittle.If the filter paper is cauterized in a platinum crucible， the temperature should be raised only after the carbonized filter paper is completely burned at low temperature and sufficient air.
3、 鉛、鉍、銻、錫、銀、汞的化合物、硫化物、磷和砷的化合物等，在高溫時(shí)容易被濾紙的炭或火餡的還原氣體還原為相應(yīng)的金屬和非金屬元素，它們與鉑形成合金或化合物，從而損壞鉑坩堝。所以，上述金屬和非金屬及其化合物不能在鉑地堝內(nèi)灼燒或熔觸。
Meta llc lead， bismuth， antimony， tin， silver， mercury compounds， sulphides， phosphorous and arsenic compounds， etc.， which are easily reduced at high temperatures to the corresponding metallic and non-metallic elements by the carbon or fire-filled reducing gases of filter paper， which form alloys or compounds with platinum，Thus the platinum crucible is damaged.Therefore，the above-mentioned metals and non-metals and their compounds can not be burned or melted in a platinum crucible.
4、 鹵素和能析出鹵素的物質(zhì)如王水、HCI， 以及某些氧化劑的混合物， 對(duì)鉑坩堝均有侵蝕作用。
Halogen and compounds capable of precipitating halogen，such as aqua regia and HCl，as well as mixtures of some oxidants，have corrosive effects on platinum crucible.
5、堿金屬氧化物、氫氧化物、硝酸鹽、亞硝酸鹽、氰化物、氧化鋇等在高溫熔融時(shí)能侵蝕鉑坩堝。用碳酸鈉和碳酸鉀，對(duì)鉑坩堝無侵蝕作用。
alkali metal oxide，hydroxide，nitrate，nitrite，cyanide，barium oxide and soon can corrode platinum crucible when melting at high temperature Sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate have no erosive effect on platinum crucible.
6、 組分不明的試樣不能使用鉑坩堝加熱或熔融。
Samples with unknown components can not be heated or melted in platinum crucible.
7、 鉑坩堝內(nèi)、外壁應(yīng)經(jīng)常保持清潔和光亮。使用過的鉑坩堝可用1：1HCI溶液煮沸清洗。如清洗不凈， 可用焦硫酸鉀低溫熔融5一10分鐘，假使用焦硫酸鉀處理無效，可用碳酸鈉或硼砂熔融。如仍有污點(diǎn)，則可用沙布包100篩孔以上的海沙加水潤濕后，輕輕擦拭鉑堝以恢復(fù)其表面的光澤。
Inside the platinum crucible，the outer wall should always be clean and bright.Theusedplatinumcruciblecanbeboiledin1：1HClsolution.If cleaning is not clean，can use potassium pyro sulfate low temperature melting 5-10 minutes， alse use of potassium pyro sulfate treatment is ineffective，can use sodium carbonate or borax melting.If there are stil stains， sand cloth can be used to pack100sieve above the sand water
wetting.gently wipe the platinum crucible to restore its surface luster.
8、 熱的鉑坩堝要用鉑坩堝夾取。
The hot platinum crucible shall be clamped with a platinum crucible.
9、 鉑坩堝變形時(shí)，可放在木板上，一邊滾動(dòng)，一邊用牛角匙壓坩堝內(nèi)壁整形。
When the platinum crucible is deformed，the crucible can be placed on the board while rolling，and the inner wall of the crucible is shaped with a horn key.
10、 紅熱的0堝不能用水驟冷，以免產(chǎn)生裂紋。
The red-hot silver crucible can not be quenched with water to avoid cracks.
